Image description
The image shows from side an open hopper wagon assigned for the freight trains, intended for the transport of various goods, construction materials or other loads.
The wagon consists of a platform support and a container in which the goods are transported.
The wagon is represented in the shape of an embossed and elongated rectangle.
In the center of the wagon, for unloading the goods, there are two doors rendered by two squares blank outlined and crossed in the middle by a vertical blank thickened line.
At its base are four pairs of iron wheels, from the side illustrated as four thickened circles, with a dot in the middle, two to the left and two to the right of the base.
The car body or outer shell of the wagon consists of an elongated covered container or box, made of heavy metal, in which the load or freight is stored and unloaded on side doors.
At the right and left edge of the wagon, on the lower bar, are placed two buffers, highlighted by a short line, thickened and horizontal, with the end joined by a thickened semicircle.
The buffer consists of a piece in the shape of a metal disc, with the role of keeping a certain distance between the coupled wagons and to cushion the shocks between them while moving.
A man is standing in the right bottom corner, thus positioned to facilitate the comparison of the dimensions of the wagon to the height of an adult.
Additional data
There is one type of wagon for each type of cargo. The reason for such a wide range of wagons is that they are relatively easy to make, especially for manufacturers of metal structures. A wagon is composed of a kind of platform and a container that holds the goods. Most of the time, the wagons are made of Europrofiles, beams H, I, U or L.
Freight wagons platform type – rgs
Platform freight wagons are also called rgs and are part of the R series. They are usually used for the transport of long materials. They can transport prefabricated concrete, steel profiles and pipes, logs, ingots, sheets, metal farms, hall poles, energy transformers, etc. Different goods can be placed on them, even pallets. On these wagons are sometimes also placed containers, even if the wagons are a little longer than the containers. The usual useful length of platform wagons is 18 or 18.5 meters.
The payload capacity of these types of wagons is usually 55 tons. The construction of the 55 tonne wagon involves 4 axles, two at one end and two at the other end.
The usual speed for the platform wagon is between 60 and 120 km / h, but usually 100 km / h.
The useful width of the platform can be up to 3.15 meters.
The rgs wagon is a universal wagon, sometimes accompanied by metal arms exposed on the edges to keep the long profiles on the platform. Sometimes these arms are non-existent and straps are used to secure the goods.
Rgs wagons can also benefit from a tarp. When they have a tarp they are often confused with the H series cars.
Freight wagons for container transport – sggmrs
The wagons for the transport of containers are also called sggmrs. This type of wagon, looks similar to the platform wagon, but does not have a flat surface to put the goods on. It consists of a series of beams and fixed points at the extremities. Thus, the intermodal maritime container can be caught.
The sggmrs wagon is widely used in our country, the European Union and the world. CFR Freight provides container transport services with this type of freight wagon.
Sometimes containers can be stacked on top of each other. Their weight does not exceed the limit permitted by the railway.
This type of container is part of the S series. Other types of special wagons have names like saadkkms or sdgmnss. They are also from the same series and are somewhat similar. Saadkkms are used to transport the TIR directly on the train, all with a tractor head.
Sdgmnss are made only for the transport of the TIR semi-trailer, without a tractor head. I’ll show you these, too, just another time.
Freight wagons for cereals – uagps
These types of wagons used to be used quite often in us. It is less obvious that this type of wagon would be used for grain transportation because of its shape.
They are part of the U series, but they only carry grain.
They have a loading capacity of approximately 56 tonnes and an average speed between 60 and 120 km / h, but usually 100 km / h.
They have a useful volume of 75-80 cubic meters.
The uagps wagons have a welded construction, completely metallic, with gravity unloading.
The grains transported are rye, corn, barley, oats, wheat, rice, sunflower seeds and soybeans.
The wagon has a loading mouth almost the entire length of the roof, which allows loading with conveyor belts or directly from the agricultural silo. And here I refer to those huge concrete agricultural siloes that I used to have near the railway infrastructure. The loading mouth is covered with 4 folding caps.
For unloading, the wagon is provided between bogies with 3 discharge holes, centrally located, in the longitudinal axis of the internal volume. The opening of the mouth is made mechanically by turning a hand wheel. In the older versions of these types of wagons there were hand wheels operable on the platform. But I think it’s changed for obvious reasons. Most U-cars will have a ladder on which you can climb to check the contents of the cars. The first versions of this type of wagon were boxes, like a trailer.
Freight wagons for cereals or cement – ucs
These wagons are also part of the U series, except that they have a slightly smaller capacity. So a smaller weight and therefore less bones.
They can be used for cereals, but also for cement or lime. This cement is dry.
The wagon ucs is also used for the transport of lime or any kind of powdered material which must remain dry. They begin to strengthen if they come into contact with water.
With the wagon ucs can be carried on the site and a ready mix made for concrete, but without water or additives in the form of liquid. The liquids were to be added later. I would say that these wagons usually have a smaller capacity and are usually provided with only two axles.
The wagon ucs can have 3 compartments and 2 axles.
For three-compartment models, silos are smaller than for two-compartment models.
The wagon is loaded and unloaded by spraying the dehydrated material to the maximum capacity. At the top there are some caps that have a seal and screw lock.
Wagons for lighter goods – ks
This type of wagon usually has only two axles.
They are part of the K series and are used for the transport of goods of any kind, including coal, aggregates, covered pallets, prefabricated concrete, pipes and steel profiles, plank and timber. There are long and short versions. This type of wagon is similar to the one of the platform type, but it has a short rail, lateral folding perimeter.
Unloading is done by gravity laterally. The ks-type wagon resembles the eaos type. It can be considered as a mini version of the eaos type, because it has less high perimeter sides, has a smaller payload and has twice as many axes. Even in long versions, these types of wagons have only two axles. The weight of the wagon, when empty, is small.
Freight cars covered – hbbillnss
The hbbillnss wagon is similar to the platform wagon, except it is covered with metal.
It is a rigid wagon, and sometimes longer than a platform. It is usually 15, 17 or 22 meters long. It is intended for the transport of high volume goods, palletized transport, transport of small boxes, paper rolls and other goods that must be protected against atmospheric agents. The conditions of transport in such a wagon are very good for almost any freight time. The disadvantage is that the doors of the wagon are small and you cannot enter something very big, you cannot introduce something that covers the entire length of the wagon. The merchandise must be segmented somehow.
These wagons are part of the H series.
Hbbillnss freight wagons sometimes have air conditioning and freight security facilities.
They can be locked with electronic key, and those with key can remove and introduce goods at each station. Such a person may be a member of a courier service.
At platform wagons, the goods are subject to some risk of theft, in stations or in the field. For these reasons, the hbbillnss wagon is like a container mounted on wheels. It does not have large windows or holes, it can be secured and sometimes it can include an escalator of goods for small forklifts. Often such wagons are transformed into houses, being very spacious.
Freight wagon for the transport of small resources – eaos
This type of wagon is part of the E series and is perhaps the most used type of wagon for freight.
These are used for the transport of coal to thermal points.
Endless trains, transporting coal to CETs, cogeneration points, factories, factories or chemical plants.
The freight wagon discovered on 4 axles was built for the transport of gravel, sand, coal, ores or bulky materials such as firewood, timber or even demolition concrete.
Generally, it is recommended to transport goods that do not need weather protection.
The freight wagon eaos is similar to the rgs type, except that the bottom of the wagon is metallic, and in addition it has a high rail around the perimeter. In other words, this wagon is a former tractor trailer.
It has a useful volume of about 70 cubic meters and a payload of 58 tons, ie about 3 times as large as a large dumper. In these wagons fluids can be placed by placing a tarp inside the wagon, even if it was not created for the transport of fluids.
Often the scraps of buildings and scrap iron are crushed with the crane or an excavator is used to better compact the material in the wagon.
Wagons for the transport of oil fluids – zas and zaes
Z series wagons are intended for the transport of edible oils, molasses, bitumen, petroleum products, sulfuric acid.
They are also called tank cars and have 4 axles.
The oil products transported include diesel, gasoline, fuel oil, oil, but also others.
The container mounted on the wagon is a welded construction, its loading being made on the upper part of the tank, and the unloading is made gravitationally on the lower part by means of central and lateral valves.
These wagons do not allow the pressure increase inside it, there is a valve that opens at a pressure of 1.5 Bar, a pressure slightly lower than the pressure from the valve.
The metal containers are closed and the water cannot penetrate into their enclosure.
Often these containers are used in fuel delivery for power generation solutions, backup generators, etc.
The storage capacity is 60 or 70 cubic meters, depending on the model.
Self-unloading freight wagons for coal transport – false, fas or faccpps
Such a wagon is part of the F series and is intended for the transport of coal and other materials that can be unloaded by gravity.
Coal can also be transported with something else, ie the eaos type.
The fake wagon is self-unloading and has 4 axles.
There are almost major differences between fake, do and faccpps, but they are all part of the same series and serve more or less the same thing. All models have 4 axles and a capacity of about 55 tons. However, some have 6 axles, we have seen such models.
The false wagons have 4 unloading doors, two on one side and two on the other side. The doors are located at the bottom of the wagon, and when they are lifted up, the coal falls from the wagon. Their volume is 78 cubic meters and they weigh 25 tons when empty. It has a length between buffers of 14.54 meters, that is exactly as the wagon type eaos. With this type of wagon you can transport gravel, sand, dairy and other small aggregates.
Faccpps type wagons are also part of the F class. They have a trapezoidal shape and a slightly smaller volumetric capacity.
Bibliography:
https://www.constructosu.eu/
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