Image description
The image shows a small to medium sized ship, mechanically propelled, by a fuel-driven engine, arranged with multi-storey compartments, for the transport of a relatively large number of people, cargo or vehicles, viewed from side and directed to the left.
The vessel, also called a ferry or water bus, for public transport in cities with a navigable river, is used for transport between the banks of a river sea, over relatively short distances and has one or two decks that allow the compartment of the ship’s space, depending on the type of cargo: freight, vehicles or passengers.
The outer shell of the ship is called the hull and is shown embossed, has an elongated, rectangular shape, wider at the cabins, and narrowed towards the ends, where it extends to the top or bow, left and tail or stern, right.
The windows of the cabins are aligned in two rows and are rendered by blank, thin and elongated rectangles.
The second level has another row of smaller windows, aligned to the left, highlighted by blank, tiny squares.
At the top left, there are two masts with satellite antennas and radar at the top, marked by two short lines, vertical and parallel.
The mast is the cylindrical post that supports radio equipment and the radar is the apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves.
The antenna masts are mounted on the navigation bridge, the raised platform from which the ship is operated by the ferryman.
To the right of the ship, above, over the superstructure, are mounted three pipes called funnels, through which the gases are released after combustion, being rendered by three thickened rectangles, short, vertical and parallel.
The ferry floats on the water rendered by two wavy lines, horizontal and thickened, located below the ship.
General information
The ferry boat is a watercraft or floating bridge, used for the ferry of passengers and vehicles over a river, canals, straits, narrow crossings, etc. It can be propelled, towed or pulled by chains and wires stretched from shore to shore.
The advantages of using the ferry to cross the railway liners, especially in case of heavy traffic, are that passengers do not leave the compartments of the wagons even during the night, and the freight traffic is much faster.
The busiest route for England-France ferry to cross the English Channel is the crossing from Dover to Calais with about 9168,000 passengers. UK ferries also sail to Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and Ireland. Some ferries carry mainly tourists, but most also carry goods, and others are intended exclusively for the use of freight trucks.
Ferries sail in the Baltic Sea between Finland, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia and St. Petersburg, Russia and from Italy to Sardinia, Corsica, Spain and Greece. In many ways, these ferries are like cruise ships, but they can also carry hundreds of cars on car decks. In addition to providing overseas passenger and car transport, Baltic Sea cruise ships are equipped with multiple restaurants, nightclubs, bars, shops and on-board entertainment options.
In 1811, the Juliana, built by American inventor John Stevens, began operating as the first steam ferry between New York City and Hoboken, New Jersey.
In 1976, the Railship I ferry, the largest at the time, entered service. Built at the Bremen shipyards for racing between Swedish, German and Finnish ports, the ferry was 151 meters long, about 22 meters wide and had 19200 C.P. (horsepower) engine power. On each of the 3 decks were mounted 5 lines for wagons, and on all 1307 lines could be parked 73 railway wagons.
Currently, the largest ferry is MS Ulysses, operated by Irish Ferries between Ireland and Wales. It has a length of 209 meters, a height of 51 meters and a transport capacity of 1938 passengers, 1432 cars and 241 trucks.
In Romania, the first ferries date from the First World War. During the occupation, the Germans set up a ferry service (with pontoon) between Giurgiu and Ruse and another over the Borcea branch of the Danube river.
Bibliography
- Lexicon maritim englez-român, Ed. Științifică, București, 1971.
- https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feribot, accessed on February 3, 2020.
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