Image description
The image shows five types of electric poles, aligned from the left to the right.
The first, on the left edge, is the highest and distributes a high voltage electric current, hence the name of high voltage power line, respectively a type of Lattice tower with double circuit, made of a metal vertical framework.
These types of high towers are widely used in transmission poles carrying high voltage electric power lines.
The high voltage pole is represented by a vertical metal support consisting of several crossed frames and three pairs of arms called cross arms, in the shape of a triangle, on each left and right side, from the top horizontal beam.
The tower starts from the ground, the lower edge, and is rendered by two parallel and thickened lines, closer to the top, called the main legs, joined together in the framework by crossed lines, called diagonals, respectively oblique short lines, and horizontal members, respectively short horizontal lines, joined by the oblique ones.
The extreme top ends of the pillar have elongated corners or peaks for the overhead ground wires.
Each pair of side triangle arms represents a beam with cross arms on which the insulator strings are suspended with the two active conductor bundles at their tip.
The second pole, the left central part, is also a high voltage power line, but of the single circuit H frame type.
It is much shorter than the first lattice tower type and is differentiated by the fact that under the top peaks is a single crossbar or beam, rendered by a thick horizontal line, which connects to the top the two parallel lines, long and vertical, representing the steel structure.
Three insulator strings are suspended from the crossbeam, which carry the active conductor bundles at their lower end, rendered by small thickened rectangles.
The third, the one on the right center, is a high voltage fir tree mast type of electric power line with a single circuit, a single peak inclined to the left, and three side cross arms, two on the top left and one on the top right.
The fourth, the one on the left is a medium voltage electric pole, made of a concrete tower rendered by a thickened vertical line, which thins towards the top where two cross arms are fixed, highlighted at the top by two oblique lines, to which are connected three insulators suspended with three conductors at their tips.
The last one, the one on the right edge, is a medium voltage electric pole, made of a concrete or wooden tower, rendered by a thickened vertical line, which thins towards the top to which are fixed, on the right side, three overlapping cross arms, highlighted by three small, parallel triangles, with three suspended insulators and three active conductors at their right tips.
General information
If other energy resources, such as wood or coal, are transported by classical means such as road, rail, air or naval, the electricity is transported from source to consumer by an unconventional, special route, i.e. by conductive cables. The main source of electricity is power plants.
Electricity poles are elements of the electrical grid that support the conductors through which the electricity is transported from source to consumer. The pillars can be made of wood, reinforced concrete, or steel, depending on the level of voltage transmitted by the cables they support. They, in addition to the weight of the conductors, must also support the weight of chicory deposits on the cables and must provide stability to the conductors in high wind weather conditions.
Wooden poles are used in low- and medium-voltage networks, steel poles are used at voltages between one hundred kilovolt and seven hundred fifty kilovolt, and concrete poles are used in low, medium and high voltage networks up to one hundred ten kilovolt.
We cannot imagine life without electricity, telephony and the internet. All of this is very important, especially during a natural disaster, such as large-scale storms.
Do you know that reinforced concrete poles do not offer great protection to the electricity grid in these situations?
Would you have thought that a much lighter and cheaper material does a much better job in a storm or earthquake? It is the polyurethane Elastpotty, a flexible material that, in a storm, bends and does not break. In 2014, southern China was damaged by Typhoon Rammasun, which resulted in eighty thousand concrete slabs falling. However, in the Guangdong region, where concrete and steel pillars were replaced with Elastolit polyurethane poles, the electricity grid remained operational, thanks to the pillars made of this special material.
Bibliography
- https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport
- http://www.referat.ro/referate/Transporturile_speciale_7257.html
- http://www.bogdan-neagu.ieeia.tuiasi.ro/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/L1-Conductoare-si-stalpi.pdf
- https://easyengineering.ro/stalpii-de-electricitate-care-sfideaza-uragane/
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